{"_buckets": {"deposit": "f1607fc1-92ea-412a-88d5-7e9e249e8dc1"}, "_deposit": {"created_by": 1, "id": "1253", "owners": [1], "pid": {"revision_id": 0, "type": "depid", "value": "1253"}, "status": "published"}, "_oai": {"id": "oai:meio-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00001253", "sets": ["81"]}, "author_link": ["2748"], "item_8_alternative_title_1": {"attribute_name": "その他（別言語等）のタイトル", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_alternative_title": "Elementary School English Education in Okinawa under the U.S. Occupation (1945～1953) : Why was Compulsory Elementary School English Education Discontinued?"}]}, "item_8_biblio_info_22": {"attribute_name": "書誌情報", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"bibliographicIssueNumber": "19", "bibliographicPageEnd": "42", "bibliographicPageStart": "31", "bibliographic_titles": [{}]}]}, "item_8_description_8": {"attribute_name": "内容記述", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_description": "1945年6月牛島司令官の自決により沖縄戦は終結へと向かい, 戦争で疲弊した米軍占領下の沖縄で早くも7月下旬には, 英語が必修として初等学校 (小学校) で教えられ始めた。しかしながら,米軍政府の命によって始まったこの必修の小学校英語教育は, 1953年に7年間の短い歴史を閉じる。 「必修の小学校英語教育はなぜ継続されなかったのか?」このリサーチ・クエスチョンに筆者は5つの要因を挙げる。 ①教科書不足　②沖縄側の教員不足と質の低下 ③米軍政府の英語教育者不足　④英語国語政策への沖縄人の反対　⑤米国の対沖縄政策の変化である。　本論の構成として1章において,　米軍政府による小学校設立の目的と小学校教育の状況,　英語の教育課程という諸点から必修の小学校英語教育の開始から終焉までの大まかな流れを掴む。 2章から,　その必修の小学校英語教育が継続しなかった5つの要因のそれぞれについて各節を設け述べており, 3章は結論である。米軍占領下の沖縄における小学校の必修英語教育の短い歴史は,　言語教育と政治の関係・占領者と被占領者の関係を象徴するものである。本論は「必修の小学校英語教育はなぜ継続されなかったのか?」の疑問に答えを提供するだけでなく,　それらの関係を浮き彫りにするという観点からも意義深いものであると考える。", "subitem_description_type": "Other"}, {"subitem_description": "Just after the end of the Pacific War, as early as July, 1945, English became a compulsory subject in elementary schools in war-ravaged Okinawa. However, compulsory English education ended in 1953, with a short span of seven years. \"Why was compulsory elementary school English education Discontinued? The author presents five factors: ① shortage of teaching materials; ② shortage of teachers; ③ shortage of educators in the U.S. military government; ④ Okinawa\u0027s opposition to the U.S. language policy; and ⑤ a change in the U.S. policy towards Okinawa. This paper consists of three chapters. The first chapter explains the aim of elementary school education, its situation and content, and the curriculum of English. In the second chapter, each of the five factors which led to the failure of compulsory elementary school English education is explained. The third chapter is for the conclusion. This paper attempts to make a meaningful contribution in explaining the era en-compassing compulsory English education in elementary schools and the interacting forces of language education and the relationship between the occupier and the occupied.", "subitem_description_type": "Other"}]}, "item_8_description_9": {"attribute_name": "フォーマット", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_description": "application/pdf", "subitem_description_type": "Other"}]}, "item_8_publisher_10": {"attribute_name": "公開者・出版者", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_publisher": "名桜大学"}]}, "item_8_rights_12": {"attribute_name": "権利", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_rights": "名桜大学"}]}, "item_8_source_id_6": {"attribute_name": "ISSN", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_source_identifier": "1882-4412", "subitem_source_identifier_type": "ISSN"}]}, "item_8_text_11": {"attribute_name": "公開者別名", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "Meio University"}]}, "item_8_text_15": {"attribute_name": "タイプ", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "紀要論文"}]}, "item_8_text_16": {"attribute_name": "NIIタイプ", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "Departmental Bulletin Paper"}]}, "item_8_text_17": {"attribute_name": "DCMI", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "text"}]}, "item_8_text_18": {"attribute_name": "収録種別", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "紀要論文"}]}, "item_8_text_19": {"attribute_name": "収録種別", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "02"}]}, "item_8_text_20": {"attribute_name": "収録雑誌名", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "名桜大学紀要 = THE MEIO UNIVERSITY BULLETIN"}]}, "item_8_text_21": {"attribute_name": "NII書誌ID", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "AN10512334"}]}, "item_8_text_25": {"attribute_name": "著者所属", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "名桜大学国際学群"}]}, "item_8_text_28": {"attribute_name": "登録日", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "2014-07-11"}]}, "item_8_text_29": {"attribute_name": "利用開始日", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "2014-07-11"}]}, "item_8_text_4": {"attribute_name": "別言語の著者", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "Yonaha, Keiko"}]}, "item_8_text_5": {"attribute_name": "作成日", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "2014-03"}]}, "item_8_version_type_24": {"attribute_name": "著者版フラグ", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_version_resource": "http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85", "subitem_version_type": "VoR"}]}, "item_creator": {"attribute_name": "著者", "attribute_type": "creator", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "与那覇, 恵子"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "2748", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}]}, "item_files": {"attribute_name": "ファイル情報", "attribute_type": "file", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"accessrole": "open_date", "date": [{"dateType": "Available", "dateValue": "2020-12-03"}], "displaytype": "detail", "download_preview_message": "", "file_order": 0, "filename": "No19p031.pdf", "filesize": [{"value": "1.4 MB"}], "format": "application/pdf", "future_date_message": "", "is_thumbnail": false, "licensetype": "license_free", "mimetype": "application/pdf", "size": 1400000.0, "url": {"label": "No19p031.pdf", "url": "https://meio-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/1253/files/No19p031.pdf"}, "version_id": "fad08ffa-2946-4ea9-8c23-f34d704d57d7"}]}, "item_keyword": {"attribute_name": "キーワード", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_subject": "米軍占領下の沖縄", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "小学校", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "必修の英語教育", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "U.S.-occupied Okinawa", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "elementary school", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "compulsory English education", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}]}, "item_language": {"attribute_name": "言語", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_language": "jpn"}]}, "item_resource_type": {"attribute_name": "資源タイプ", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"resourcetype": "departmental bulletin paper", "resourceuri": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]}, "item_title": "米軍占領下の沖縄 (1945～1953) における小学校英語教育 : 必修の小学校英語教育はなぜ継続されなかったのか?", "item_titles": {"attribute_name": "タイトル", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_title": "米軍占領下の沖縄 (1945～1953) における小学校英語教育 : 必修の小学校英語教育はなぜ継続されなかったのか?"}]}, "item_type_id": "8", "owner": "1", "path": ["81"], "permalink_uri": "https://meio-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/1253", "pubdate": {"attribute_name": "公開日", "attribute_value": "2014-07-11"}, "publish_date": "2014-07-11", "publish_status": "0", "recid": "1253", "relation": {}, "relation_version_is_last": true, "title": ["米軍占領下の沖縄 (1945～1953) における小学校英語教育 : 必修の小学校英語教育はなぜ継続されなかったのか?"], "weko_shared_id": -1}